3. 5. 3. 1 Acupoints on the governor vessel
The depth of insertion is 0.5 - 1 cun. Deep needling is avoided lest the spinal cord be impaired. The angle of insertion depends upon the angle of the spinous process. The spinous processes of the thoracic vertebrae are down-bearing, so the acupoints below them should be needled obliquely upward; while the spinous processes of the lum-bar vertebrae protrude almost posteriorly and horizontal-ly, so the acupeints below them can be needled perpendic-ularly; the acupoints on the caudal-sacral region are nee-dled obliquely upward.
Dazhui (GV 14) It is needled perpendicularly or ob-liquely 0.5 - 1 cun. The needle is inserted slowly to a proper depth. Deep insertion should be avoided lest the vertebral canal be punctured and the spinal cord be impaired.
Changqiang (GV 1) The needle should be parallel to the coccyx and inserted between the rectum and coccyx. Otherwise the rectum may be impaired.
3. 5. 3. 2 Acupoints above the spinous process of the twelfth thoracic vertebra
As to the angle of insertion, the needle is usually inserted obliquely toward the spine or horizontally from the upper to the lower. It is inadvisable to puncture per-pendicularly or obliquely and laterally. The depth of inser-tion is 0.5 - 0.8 cun. Deep insertion may puncture the pleural cavity and cause pneumatothorax.
Jianjing (GB 21)--It is needled perpendicularly about 0.5 cam. Deep insertion may impair the internal organs.
3. 5. 3. 3 Acupoints on the lumbar region
The acupoints on the lumbar region are needled per-pendicularly 0.5 - 1 cun.
3. 5. 3. 4 Shangliao (BL 31), Ciliao (BL 32), Zhongliao (BL 33) and Xialiao (BL 34) on the sacral region
These acupoints are needled perpendicularly 1-1.5 cun. On puncturing Shangliao (BL 31), the needle tip slightly points to the pubic symphysis in order to puncture into the first posterior sacral foramen.

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