Medicinal Properties Sour in flavor, mild in nature and attributive to the liver, lung and large intestine meridians.
Actions Astringe the lung to relieve cough, astringe the intestine to arrest diarrhea, promote production of the body fluids to quench thirst, relieve ascaris colic and alleviate pain.

Application
1. In treating prolonged cough with little sputum due to deficiency of the lung, or dry cough without sputum, it is often used together with Xingren (Semen Armeniacae Amarum), Banxia ( Rhizoma Pinelliae ), and Ejiao (Collo Corii Asini), etc., to strengthen the effect of astringing the lung to relieve cough.

2. In treating prolonged diarrhea or dysentery, it can be used in combination with Roudoukou ( Semen Myristicae), Hezi (Fructus Chebulae), such as in Guchang Wan (Pill).

3. Its single form is effective in treating diabetes due to heat of deficiency type, or used together with Tianhuafen (Radix Trichosanthis), Maimendong (Radix Ophiopogonis), Gegen (Radix Puerariae), and Renshen (Radix Ginseng), such as Yuquang Wan (Pill).

4. In treating abdominal pain and vomiting caused by intestinal ascariasis, it is often used in combination with Xixin (Herba Asari), Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis ), and Huanglian ( Rhizoma Coptidis ), etc., such as Wumei Wan (Pill).
In addition, it has the action of arresting bleeding, such as hemafecia, hematuria, metrorrhagia and metrostaxis. Dermatopathy and hemorrhoids can be treated by the application.

Usage and Dosage It is usually decocted for oral use. The usual dosage is 6 -12 g and large dosage may be up to 30 g. Proper amount can be used in external treatment. To arrest bleeding and diarrhea, the carbonized is used, and to promote production of the body fluids and relieve the ascaris colic, the crude is used.

Notes In oral use, it is contraindicated in those with exogenous factors or those with stagnation of sthenic heat.
Roudoukou Semen Myristicae

The source is from the ripe seed of the arbor Myristica fragrans Houtt., family Myristicacene. The medicinal material is mainly produced in Malaysia and Indonesia. In China it is cultivated in Guangdong and other places. The ripe fruit is collected in winter and spring. The shell being removed, the seeds are dried, and then roasted to get rid of the oil for medication.

Medicinal Properties Pungent in flavor, warm in nature and attributive to the spleen, stomach and large intestine meridians.
Actions Astringe the intestine to arrest diarrhea and warm the middle energizer to promote flow of qi.

Application
1. It is indicated for chronic diarrhea. For that due to asthenia and cold of the spleen and stomach, it can be used in combination with Dangshen (Radix Codonopsis), Baizhu (Rhizoma Atraetylodis Macrocephalae), Rougui (Cortex Cinnamomi ), etc., such as Yangzang Tang (Decoction); for that with diarrhea at dawn due to yang-deficiency of the spleen and kidney, it can be used in combination with Buguzhi ( Fructus Psoraleae ), Wuzhuyu ( Fructus Evodiae ) and Wuweizi ( Fructus Schisandrae), such as Sishen Wan (Pill).

2. In treating stomach-cold with stagnation of qi manifested as abdominal pain, poor appetite and vomiting, it is often used in combination with Muxiang (Radix Aucklandiae ), Ganjiang ( Rhizoma Zingiberis ) and Banxia (Rhizoma Pinetliae), etc..
Usage and Dosage 3 -10 g is used in decoction and 1.5 -3 g is used in pill or powder.
Notes It is contraindicated in those with dysentery due to damp and heat.

Chishizhi Halloysitum Rubrum
The source is from a mineral of silicate salt of poly-hydrate kaolinate group, containing mainly hydrated Aluminum silicate. The medicinal material is mainly produced in Fujian, Shandong, and Henan provinces, and collected all year around. The impurity being removed from it, it is ground into powder with water or calcined and then ground into powder with water for medication.

Medicinal Properties Sweet, sour and astringent in flavor, warm in nature and attributive to the large intestine and stomach meridians.

Actions Astringe the intestine to arrest diarrhea and bleeding, and promote tissue regeneration and healing of wounds.

Application
1. It can be applied for hypofunction of the lower energizer manifested as uncontrollable diarrhea, hemafecia, prolapse of the rectum. In treating prolonged and uncontrollable lingering diarrhea, it is usually used together with Yuyuliang (Limonitum), such as Chishizhi Yuyuliang Tang (Decoction); in treating dysentery caused by cold and deficiency, endless pus and blood in the stool, it is often combined with Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis), Jingmi ( Semen Oryzae Sativae), such as Taohua Tang (Decoction).

2. For metrostaxis that lingers for a long time, it can be used in combination with Cebaiye (Cacumen Biotae) and Wuzeigu (Os Sepiellae seu Sepiae), which are calcined and ground into powder for oral administration, such as Chishizhi San (Powder). It can also be used to treat leukorrhagia with bloody discharge together with Baishaoyao (Radix Paeoniae Alba ) and Ganjiang ( Rhizoma Zingiberis) in decoction for oral use.

3. For unhealed chronic ulcer with rupture, it can be used together with Longgu ( Os Praconis), Luganshi (Calamina), Xuejie (Resina Draconis ), and Ruxiang (Olibanum), etc., which are ground into powder for applying on the ulcer.
In addition, it can also be applied externally for skin pyogenic infection and traumatic bleeding because of its action of eliminating dampness and arresting bleeding.

Usage and Dosage 10 -20 g is used in decoction, pill or powder, and just right amount for external use.
Notes It is contraindicated in those with stagnantion of dampness and heat and should be used with great caution in pregnant women. It is incompatible with Rougui .