Anatomy-physiology in Tibetan medicine may be introduced as follows:
Seven basic materials: It is claimed that the human body is built up with blood, saliva, bone, marrow, fat, flesh and essence. All the materials should be kept in a definite amount and in harmony. Loss of any of materials would eventually lead to disease. Any of these materials has a fixed amount, which is roughly estimated. For instance, the blood of a man or woman 's health measures 2 ge (the amount needed to fill two cupped hands put together), and a person's brain is the same. For the amount of the muscle, it is 500 fists in a man, but 520 fists in a woman, the extra amount in female being due to the enlarged chest and buttock. It should be emphasized here that the blood in a woman doesn't refer exclusively to the circulated visible liquid blood, but also includes the blood responsible for the reproductive function, which, like the semen in a man, is also 2 ge. The regular circulated blood measures 14 ge in both man and woman.

There are three types of excreta: sweat, urine and stool. It is claimed in Tibetan medicine that there are 4 ge of sweat in the body, 8 ge of urine, and 14 ge of stool. They are also kept in fixed amount and in proportion; imbalance also leads to disease. It should not be simply interpreted as the visible excreta seen in daily life, but as the amount, visible and invisible, under physiological condition. Sweat, for instance, can be excreted in a minute and invisible amount. This is called invisible sweating. Based on this, it is rather scientific in the viewpoint of excreta in Tibetan medicine.
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