It fills the serologic gap in patients who have cleared the HBsAg but have not demonstrated detectable amounts of anti-HBs. Anti-HBC can be found alone or in any combination with HBsAg or anti-HBs. Anti-HBC has been Shown in all instances of acute HBV infection and appears simultaneously with the onset of clinical illness. Infectivity has been demonstrated in instances where donors are HBsAg-negative and positive for anti-HBC.
HBeAg is distinct from HBsAg. It is a soluble protein found only in HBsAg- positive sera. All patients with HBV infection demonstrate HBe antigenemia. HBeAg appears during the incubation period shortly after the detection of HBsAg and only during HBsAg reactivity. HBeAg may be a sensitive index of viral replication and infectivity. Anti-HBe is detected as early as the fourth week of illness. The clinical usefulness of this antigen-antibody system lies in its predictive value of infectivity.
DNA polymerase activity is first detectable at the time of peak HBsAg titer, suggesting that this enzyme is a manifestation of viremia and viral replication. DNA polymerase activity is usually transient but persist for years in chronic Hepatitis disease carriers and is an indication of continued infectivity.
In traditional Chinese medicine, the condition is thought to be caused by pathogenic damp-heat and patients with viral hepatitis may manifest different syndromes at different phases. It is usually divided into two types: Shaoyang disease
and jaundice.
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